There is increasing awareness, however, that the personality of social support recipients plays a role in social support processes ( Pierce et al. Social support is primarily viewed as a form of social influence. However, little is known about how individual dispositions, represented, for example, in personality traits, factor into the association between social relationships and mental health. Research examining social support and negative interactions provides important insight into the nature of social exchange and its consequences for mental health. Furthermore, negative interactions can often have harmful effects that outweigh the benefits of social support ( Lincoln, Chatters, and Taylor 2003). Compared with other forms of stress, stress triggered by one’s social network persists over a longer period of time ( Bolger et al. In fact, negative interactions with social network members apparently arouse more stress in individuals than do interactions with other contacts ( Bolger et al. Stress can have serious consequences for mental health. Negative interactions, characterized by conflict, excessive demands, and criticism, are found to be direct sources of stress. ![]() ![]() However, not all social relationships are known to be positive or beneficial. Research suggests that mental health is positively associated with having such social resources as a spouse, family members, and friends who provide psychological and material support ( Cohen and Wills 1985 House, Umberson, and Landis 1988).
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